The Gum Grafting Process from a Periodontist

Receding gums can have serious ramifications on your entire oral cavity. The only effective way to combat its effects is through gum grafting. Periodontists, also known as gum specialists, often recommend this process to treat advanced gum recession, which can lead to tooth sensitivity, root exposure, and, eventually, tooth loss. A gum graft not only restores gum tissue but also helps protect the teeth and improve the smile's appearance.

What is gum grafting?

Gum grafting is a surgical procedure that involves transplanting healthy tissue to areas where the gums have thinned, receded, or pulled away from the teeth. Periodontists perform this procedure to cover exposed tooth roots, reduce sensitivity, enhance gum tissue health, and help stabilize the teeth. Receding gums, which may result from periodontal (gum) disease, aggressive brushing, or genetics, can leave the roots of the teeth vulnerable to damage. Without proper gum coverage, these exposed areas are more prone to decay, wear, and sensitivity to hot or cold temperatures.

Types of gum grafting

The periodontist will determine which of the three primary methods of grafting is most appropriate based on the severity of the gum recession and the patient's specific needs. According to WebMD, the three types of gum grafting include:

Connective tissue grafts

This is the most common type of gum grafting. It involves the periodontist removing a small piece of tissue from the roof of the mouth (palate) and stitching it over the area where the gums have receded. The tissue is placed underneath a flap created in the gums, ensuring the new tissue integrates with the existing gum line.

Free gingival grafts

A free gingival graft may help in cases where the patient has thinner gums and needs more tissue volume. Similar to a connective tissue graft but less common, the periodontist harvests the tissue from the roof of the mouth. However, in this procedure, they remove a small section of tissue directly from the palate without creating a flap, which is then attached to the area of the gum recession.

Pedicle grafts

Periodontists consider this type of gum graft when there is sufficient gum tissue near an affected tooth. Instead of harvesting tissue from the roof of the mouth, they create a flap of gum tissue adjacent to the receding area. Next, they stretch this flap, or pedicle, over the exposed root and suture it into place. These grafts maintain blood flow to the grafted tissue, improving healing and increasing the procedure's success rate.

What to expect on the day of the gum grafting procedure

The gum grafting process generally involves several steps, starting with a thorough examination. The periodontist evaluates the extent of gum recession, checks for underlying conditions like periodontal disease, and determines the most effective graft for the patient's needs. Note that if infection or disease is present, it must be remedied before the gum grafting procedure.

On the day of the procedure, the periodontist will apply a local anesthetic to numb the area, ensuring that the patient remains comfortable throughout the surgery. Sometimes, sedation options may also be available to help patients relax during the process. The grafting procedure typically takes 45 to 90 minutes, depending on the complexity and the number of areas requiring treatment. The periodontist carefully stitches the grafted tissue in place, ensuring it adheres properly to the existing gums. Over time, the tissues will heal and integrate.

Recovery tips after gum grafting

Considering this procedure is performed in the periodontist's office, patients will return home the same day. They can expect mild discomfort or swelling, but these symptoms are usually managed with over-the-counter pain relievers or prescription medication. During the first few days of recovery, the periodontist will advise patients to avoid hard or crunchy foods, as these can irritate the surgical site. Instead, opting for a nutritious, soft diet consisting of soups, yogurt, and smoothies is typically recommended. Moreover, patients should avoid using straws, eating food/drinks that are too hot or cold, disrupting the blood clots, or disturbing the integration process.

It is also important to avoid brushing the treated area until it is fully healed. The periodontist may recommend or provide an antimicrobial mouth rinse to reduce the risk of infection. Lastly, patients are to avoid the use of all smoking and tobacco products, as according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), these can increase risks of infection and slow or disrupt healing.

Follow-up appointments are necessary to monitor the healing process and ensure the grafted tissue integrates successfully. Most patients recover fully within a few weeks, although complete healing may take longer depending on individual circumstances.

Protect your oral health

Gum grafting is a highly effective procedure performed by periodontists to address gum recession and its associated complications. By restoring the gum line and protecting exposed tooth roots, gum grafting can improve the health and appearance of the gums. To learn if this procedure is appropriate for you, contact the Periodontal & Implant Specialists office.

Request an appointment here: https://perioimplantsfortmyers.com or call Periodontal & Implant Specialists at (239) 791-7667 for an appointment in our Fort Myers office.

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